Accession Number : ADA460618

Title :   Local Shading Analysis

Descriptive Note : Technical note

Corporate Author : SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CENTER

Personal Author(s) : Pentland, Alex P.

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Report Date : NOV 1982

Pagination or Media Count : 41

Abstract : Local analysis of image shading, in the absence of prior knowledge about the viewed scene, may be used to provide information about the scene. It is understood that every image point has the same image intensity and first and second derivatives as the image of an umbilical point (a point with equal principal curvatures) on a Lambertian surface. Also, there is exactly one combination of surface orientation, curvature, (overhead) illumination direction, and albedo times illumination intensity that will produce a particular set of image intensity and first and second derivatives. A solution for the unique combination of surface orientation, etc., at umbilical points is presented in this paper. This solution has been extended by using general position and regional constraints to obtain estimates of the following: surface orientation at each image point; whether the surface is planar, singly curved, or doubly curved at each point; the mean illuminant direction within a region; and whether a region is convex, concave, or a saddle surface. Algorithms to recover illuminant direction, identify discontinuities, and estimate surface orientation were evaluated on both natural and synthesized images, and were found to produce useful information about the scene.

Descriptors :   *IMAGE PROCESSING, *ORIENTATION(DIRECTION), *SURFACES, *IMAGES, *SHADOWS, *COMPUTER VISION, *CURVATURE, ALGORITHMS, ALBEDO, CARTESIAN COORDINATES, CONVEX BODIES, CONCAVE BODIES, ILLUMINATION, PLANAR STRUCTURES, SURFACE PROPERTIES, LIGHT SOURCES, ESTIMATES, DIRECTION FINDING, INTENSITY

Subject Categories : THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS
      CYBERNETICS
      OPTICS

Distribution Statement : APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE

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